Nebulizer testing
نویسنده
چکیده
Two major factors affect drug delivery with nebulizers: usage time and droplet size. Unlike other inhalation devices, nebulizers provide continuous delivery instead of a pre-metered dose of drug. Once loaded and activated, a nebulizer operates with the user breathing normally so that the patient’s breathing profile and usage time determine the amount of drug received. As with other inhalation products, nebulizers must produce droplets small enough to penetrate into the lungs instead of depositing in the oropharynx, and droplets must be large enough to avoid being exhaled in order to ensure effective drug delivery.
منابع مشابه
In-Vitro Comparison of Six Continuous Nebulizers*
BACKGROUND: Continuous nebulization has become popular for treating patients with severe reversible airway disease. Continuous nebulization therapy has been shown to be safe, effective, and labor efficient as compared to other traditional medication aerosol treatments 1-11 . Although numerous studies have been done evaluating the clinically efficacy of continuous nebulization, little work has b...
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BACKGROUND Noninvasive ventilation (NIV) is usually applied using bi-level positive airway pressure devices, and many of these devices use a single-limb patient circuit with an integrated leak port to purge the circuit of exhaled carbon dioxide. Sometimes bronchodilator therapy is indicated in pediatric patients, but there have been no studies of the optimal nebulizer position, with respect to ...
متن کاملInfluence of nebulizer type, position, and bias flow on aerosol drug delivery in simulated pediatric and adult lung models during mechanical ventilation.
BACKGROUND The effectiveness of aerosol drug delivery during mechanical ventilation is influenced by the patient, ventilator, and nebulizer variables. The impact of nebulizer type, position on the ventilator circuit, and bias flow on aerosol drug delivery has not been established for different age populations. OBJECTIVE To determine the influence of nebulizer position and bias flow with a jet...
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BACKGROUND To improve convenience to patients, there have been advances in the operation of nebulizers, resulting in fast treatment times and less drug lost to the environment. However, limited attention has been paid to the effects of these developments on the delivered dose (DD) and respirable delivered dose (RDD). Published pharmacopoeia and ISO testing guidelines for adult-use testing utili...
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BACKGROUND The performance of nebulizers varies with the design type as well as the breathing patterns of various age groups. The present study quantified aerosol delivery using spontaneously breathing parameters of a small child (2-4 years) by a lung simulator to determine the influence of nebulizer type, actuation mechanisms, and pediatric aerosol masks. METHODS Three types of nebulizer (c...
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